    -- (c) 2000-2005 by Martin Erwig [see file COPYRIGHT]
    -- | Breadth-First Search Algorithms

    module Data.Graph.Inductive.Query.BFS(
        -- * BFS Node List
        bfs,bfsn,bfsWith,bfsnWith,
        -- * Node List With Depth Info
        level,leveln,
        -- * BFS Edges
        bfe,bfen,
        -- * BFS Tree
        bft,lbft,
        -- * Shortest Path (Number of Edges)
        esp,lesp
    ) where

    import Data.Graph.Inductive.Graph
    import Data.Graph.Inductive.Internal.Queue
    import Data.Graph.Inductive.Internal.RootPath

    -- bfs (node list ordered by distance)
    --
    bfsnInternal :: Graph gr => (Context a b -> c) -> Queue Node -> gr a b -> [c]
    bfsnInternal f q g | queueEmpty q || isEmpty g = []
                       | otherwise                 =
           case match v g of
            (Just c, g')  -> f c:bfsnInternal f (queuePutList (suc' c) q') g'
            (Nothing, g') -> bfsnInternal f q' g'
            where (v,q') = queueGet q

    bfsnWith :: Graph gr => (Context a b -> c) -> [Node] -> gr a b -> [c]
    bfsnWith f vs = bfsnInternal f (queuePutList vs mkQueue)

    bfsn :: Graph gr => [Node] -> gr a b -> [Node]
    bfsn = bfsnWith node'

    bfsWith :: Graph gr => (Context a b -> c) -> Node -> gr a b -> [c]
    bfsWith f v = bfsnInternal f (queuePut v mkQueue)

    bfs :: Graph gr => Node -> gr a b -> [Node]
    bfs = bfsWith node'

    -- level (extension of bfs giving the depth of each node)
    --
    level :: Graph gr => Node -> gr a b -> [(Node,Int)]
    level v = leveln [(v,0)]

    suci c i = zip (suc' c) (repeat i)

    leveln :: Graph gr => [(Node,Int)] -> gr a b -> [(Node,Int)]
    leveln []         _             = []
    leveln _          g | isEmpty g = []
    leveln ((v,j):vs) g = case match v g of
                            (Just c,g')  -> (v,j):leveln (vs++suci c (j+1)) g'
                            (Nothing,g') -> leveln vs g'

    -- bfe (breadth first edges)
    -- remembers predecessor information
    --
    bfenInternal :: Graph gr => Queue Edge -> gr a b -> [Edge]
    bfenInternal q g | queueEmpty q || isEmpty g = []
                     | otherwise                 =
          case match v g of
            (Just c, g')  -> (u,v):bfenInternal (queuePutList (outU c) q') g'
            (Nothing, g') -> bfenInternal q' g'
            where ((u,v),q') = queueGet q

    bfen :: Graph gr => [Edge] -> gr a b -> [Edge]
    bfen vs g = bfenInternal (queuePutList vs mkQueue) g

    bfe :: Graph gr => Node -> gr a b -> [Edge]
    bfe v = bfen [(v,v)]

    outU c = map (\(v,w,_)->(v,w)) (out' c)

    -- bft (breadth first search tree)
    -- here: with inward directed trees
    --
    -- bft :: Node -> gr a b -> IT.InTree Node
    -- bft v g = IT.build $ map swap $ bfe v g
    --           where swap (x,y) = (y,x)
    --
    -- sp (shortest path wrt to number of edges)
    --
    -- sp :: Node -> Node -> gr a b -> [Node]
    -- sp s t g = reverse $ IT.rootPath (bft s g) t

    -- faster shortest paths
    -- here: with root path trees
    --
    bft :: Graph gr => Node -> gr a b -> RTree
    bft v = bf (queuePut [v] mkQueue)

    bf :: Graph gr => Queue Path -> gr a b -> RTree
    bf q g | queueEmpty q || isEmpty g = []
           | otherwise                 =
           case match v g of
             (Just c, g')  -> p:bf (queuePutList (map (:p) (suc' c)) q') g'
             (Nothing, g') -> bf q' g'
             where (p@(v:_),q') = queueGet q

    esp :: Graph gr => Node -> Node -> gr a b -> Path
    esp s t = getPath t . bft s

    -- lesp is a version of esp that returns labeled paths
    -- Note that the label of the first node in a returned path is meaningless;
    -- all other nodes are paired with the label of their incoming edge.
    --
    lbft :: Graph gr => Node -> gr a b -> LRTree b
    lbft v g = case (out g v) of
                 []         -> [LP []]
                 (v',_,l):_ -> lbf (queuePut (LP [(v',l)]) mkQueue) g

    lbf :: Graph gr => Queue (LPath b) -> gr a b -> LRTree b
    lbf q g | queueEmpty q || isEmpty g = []
            | otherwise                 =
           case match v g of
             (Just c, g') ->
                 LP p:lbf (queuePutList (map (\v' -> LP (v':p)) (lsuc' c)) q') g'
             (Nothing, g') -> lbf q' g'
             where ((LP (p@((v,_):_))),q') = queueGet q

    lesp :: Graph gr => Node -> Node -> gr a b -> LPath b
    lesp s t = getLPath t . lbft s