%
% (c) The University of Glasgow 2006
% (c) The AQUA Project, Glasgow University, 1998
%
Desugaring foreign declarations (see also DsCCall).
\begin{code}
module DsForeign ( dsForeigns ) where
#include "HsVersions.h"
import TcRnMonad
import CoreSyn
import DsCCall
import DsMonad
import HsSyn
import DataCon
import CoreUtils
import Id
import Literal
import Module
import Name
import Type
import TyCon
import Coercion
import TcType
import Var
import CmmExpr
import CmmUtils
import HscTypes
import ForeignCall
import TysWiredIn
import TysPrim
import PrelNames
import BasicTypes
import SrcLoc
import Outputable
import FastString
import Config
import Constants
import Data.Maybe
import Data.List
\end{code}
Desugaring of @foreign@ declarations is naturally split up into
parts, an @import@ and an @export@ part. A @foreign import@
declaration
\begin{verbatim}
foreign import cc nm f :: prim_args -> IO prim_res
\end{verbatim}
is the same as
\begin{verbatim}
f :: prim_args -> IO prim_res
f a1 ... an = _ccall_ nm cc a1 ... an
\end{verbatim}
so we reuse the desugaring code in @DsCCall@ to deal with these.
\begin{code}
type Binding = (Id, CoreExpr)
dsForeigns :: [LForeignDecl Id]
-> DsM (ForeignStubs, [Binding])
dsForeigns []
= return (NoStubs, [])
dsForeigns fos = do
fives <- mapM do_ldecl fos
let
(hs, cs, idss, bindss) = unzip4 fives
fe_ids = concat idss
fe_init_code = map foreignExportInitialiser fe_ids
return (ForeignStubs
(vcat hs)
(vcat cs $$ vcat fe_init_code),
(concat bindss))
where
do_ldecl (L loc decl) = putSrcSpanDs loc (do_decl decl)
do_decl (ForeignImport id _ spec) = do
traceIf (text "fi start" <+> ppr id)
(bs, h, c) <- dsFImport (unLoc id) spec
traceIf (text "fi end" <+> ppr id)
return (h, c, [], bs)
do_decl (ForeignExport (L _ id) _ (CExport (CExportStatic ext_nm cconv))) = do
(h, c, _, _) <- dsFExport id (idType id) ext_nm cconv False
return (h, c, [id], [])
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Foreign import}
%* *
%************************************************************************
Desugaring foreign imports is just the matter of creating a binding
that on its RHS unboxes its arguments, performs the external call
(using the @CCallOp@ primop), before boxing the result up and returning it.
However, we create a worker/wrapper pair, thus:
foreign import f :: Int -> IO Int
==>
f x = IO ( \s -> case x of { I# x# ->
case fw s x# of { (# s1, y# #) ->
(# s1, I# y# #)}})
fw s x# = ccall f s x#
The strictness/CPR analyser won't do this automatically because it doesn't look
inside returned tuples; but inlining this wrapper is a Really Good Idea
because it exposes the boxing to the call site.
\begin{code}
dsFImport :: Id
-> ForeignImport
-> DsM ([Binding], SDoc, SDoc)
dsFImport id (CImport cconv safety _ spec) = do
(ids, h, c) <- dsCImport id spec cconv safety
return (ids, h, c)
dsCImport :: Id
-> CImportSpec
-> CCallConv
-> Safety
-> DsM ([Binding], SDoc, SDoc)
dsCImport id (CLabel cid) cconv _ = do
let ty = idType id
fod = case splitTyConApp_maybe (repType ty) of
Just (tycon, _)
| tyConUnique tycon == funPtrTyConKey ->
IsFunction
_ -> IsData
(resTy, foRhs) <- resultWrapper ty
ASSERT(fromJust resTy `coreEqType` addrPrimTy)
let
rhs = foRhs (Lit (MachLabel cid stdcall_info fod))
stdcall_info = fun_type_arg_stdcall_info cconv ty
in
return ([(id, rhs)], empty, empty)
dsCImport id (CFunction target) cconv@PrimCallConv safety
= dsPrimCall id (CCall (CCallSpec target cconv safety))
dsCImport id (CFunction target) cconv safety
= dsFCall id (CCall (CCallSpec target cconv safety))
dsCImport id CWrapper cconv _
= dsFExportDynamic id cconv
fun_type_arg_stdcall_info :: CCallConv -> Type -> Maybe Int
fun_type_arg_stdcall_info StdCallConv ty
| Just (tc,[arg_ty]) <- splitTyConApp_maybe (repType ty),
tyConUnique tc == funPtrTyConKey
= let
(_tvs,sans_foralls) = tcSplitForAllTys arg_ty
(fe_arg_tys, _orig_res_ty) = tcSplitFunTys sans_foralls
in Just $ sum (map (widthInBytes . typeWidth . typeCmmType . getPrimTyOf) fe_arg_tys)
fun_type_arg_stdcall_info _other_conv _
= Nothing
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Foreign calls}
%* *
%************************************************************************
\begin{code}
dsFCall :: Id -> ForeignCall -> DsM ([(Id, Expr TyVar)], SDoc, SDoc)
dsFCall fn_id fcall = do
let
ty = idType fn_id
(tvs, fun_ty) = tcSplitForAllTys ty
(arg_tys, io_res_ty) = tcSplitFunTys fun_ty
args <- newSysLocalsDs arg_tys
(val_args, arg_wrappers) <- mapAndUnzipM unboxArg (map Var args)
let
work_arg_ids = [v | Var v <- val_args]
(ccall_result_ty, res_wrapper) <- boxResult io_res_ty
ccall_uniq <- newUnique
work_uniq <- newUnique
let
worker_ty = mkForAllTys tvs (mkFunTys (map idType work_arg_ids) ccall_result_ty)
the_ccall_app = mkFCall ccall_uniq fcall val_args ccall_result_ty
work_rhs = mkLams tvs (mkLams work_arg_ids the_ccall_app)
work_id = mkSysLocal (fsLit "$wccall") work_uniq worker_ty
work_app = mkApps (mkVarApps (Var work_id) tvs) val_args
wrapper_body = foldr ($) (res_wrapper work_app) arg_wrappers
wrap_rhs = mkInlineMe (mkLams (tvs ++ args) wrapper_body)
return ([(work_id, work_rhs), (fn_id, wrap_rhs)], empty, empty)
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Primitive calls}
%* *
%************************************************************************
This is for `@foreign import prim@' declarations.
Currently, at the core level we pretend that these primitive calls are
foreign calls. It may make more sense in future to have them as a distinct
kind of Id, or perhaps to bundle them with PrimOps since semantically and
for calling convention they are really prim ops.
\begin{code}
dsPrimCall :: Id -> ForeignCall -> DsM ([(Id, Expr TyVar)], SDoc, SDoc)
dsPrimCall fn_id fcall = do
let
ty = idType fn_id
(tvs, fun_ty) = tcSplitForAllTys ty
(arg_tys, io_res_ty) = tcSplitFunTys fun_ty
args <- newSysLocalsDs arg_tys
ccall_uniq <- newUnique
let
call_app = mkFCall ccall_uniq fcall (map Var args) io_res_ty
rhs = mkLams tvs (mkLams args call_app)
return ([(fn_id, rhs)], empty, empty)
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Foreign export}
%* *
%************************************************************************
The function that does most of the work for `@foreign export@' declarations.
(see below for the boilerplate code a `@foreign export@' declaration expands
into.)
For each `@foreign export foo@' in a module M we generate:
\begin{itemize}
\item a C function `@foo@', which calls
\item a Haskell stub `@M.\$ffoo@', which calls
\end{itemize}
the userwritten Haskell function `@M.foo@'.
\begin{code}
dsFExport :: Id
-> Type
-> CLabelString
-> CCallConv
-> Bool
-> DsM ( SDoc
, SDoc
, String
, Int
)
dsFExport fn_id ty ext_name cconv isDyn= do
let
(_tvs,sans_foralls) = tcSplitForAllTys ty
(fe_arg_tys', orig_res_ty) = tcSplitFunTys sans_foralls
fe_arg_tys | isDyn = tail fe_arg_tys'
| otherwise = fe_arg_tys'
(res_ty,
is_IO_res_ty) <-
case tcSplitIOType_maybe orig_res_ty of
Just (_ioTyCon, res_ty, _co) -> return (res_ty, True)
Nothing -> return (orig_res_ty, False)
return $
mkFExportCBits ext_name
(if isDyn then Nothing else Just fn_id)
fe_arg_tys res_ty is_IO_res_ty cconv
\end{code}
@foreign import "wrapper"@ (previously "foreign export dynamic") lets
you dress up Haskell IO actions of some fixed type behind an
externally callable interface (i.e., as a C function pointer). Useful
for callbacks and stuff.
\begin{verbatim}
type Fun = Bool -> Int -> IO Int
foreign import "wrapper" f :: Fun -> IO (FunPtr Fun)
f :: Fun -> IO (FunPtr Fun)
f cback =
bindIO (newStablePtr cback)
(\StablePtr sp# -> IO (\s1# ->
case _ccall_ createAdjustor cconv sp# ``f_helper'' <arg info> s1# of
(# s2#, a# #) -> (# s2#, A# a# #)))
foreign import "&f_helper" f_helper :: FunPtr (StablePtr Fun -> Fun)
f_helper(StablePtr s, HsBool b, HsInt i)
{
rts_evalIO(rts_apply(rts_apply(deRefStablePtr(s),
rts_mkBool(b)), rts_mkInt(i)));
}
\end{verbatim}
\begin{code}
dsFExportDynamic :: Id
-> CCallConv
-> DsM ([Binding], SDoc, SDoc)
dsFExportDynamic id cconv = do
fe_id <- newSysLocalDs ty
mod <- getModuleDs
let
fe_nm = mkFastString (unpackFS (zEncodeFS (moduleNameFS (moduleName mod))) ++ "_" ++ toCName fe_id)
cback <- newSysLocalDs arg_ty
newStablePtrId <- dsLookupGlobalId newStablePtrName
stable_ptr_tycon <- dsLookupTyCon stablePtrTyConName
let
stable_ptr_ty = mkTyConApp stable_ptr_tycon [arg_ty]
export_ty = mkFunTy stable_ptr_ty arg_ty
bindIOId <- dsLookupGlobalId bindIOName
stbl_value <- newSysLocalDs stable_ptr_ty
(h_code, c_code, typestring, args_size) <- dsFExport id export_ty fe_nm cconv True
let
adj_args = [ mkIntLitInt (ccallConvToInt cconv)
, Var stbl_value
, Lit (MachLabel fe_nm mb_sz_args IsFunction)
, Lit (mkMachString typestring)
]
adjustor = fsLit "createAdjustor"
mb_sz_args = case cconv of
StdCallConv -> Just args_size
_ -> Nothing
ccall_adj <- dsCCall adjustor adj_args PlayRisky (mkTyConApp io_tc [res_ty])
let io_app = mkLams tvs $
Lam cback $
mkCoerceI (mkSymCoI co) $
mkApps (Var bindIOId)
[ Type stable_ptr_ty
, Type res_ty
, mkApps (Var newStablePtrId) [ Type arg_ty, Var cback ]
, Lam stbl_value ccall_adj
]
fed = (id `setInlineActivation` NeverActive, io_app)
return ([fed], h_code, c_code)
where
ty = idType id
(tvs,sans_foralls) = tcSplitForAllTys ty
([arg_ty], fn_res_ty) = tcSplitFunTys sans_foralls
Just (io_tc, res_ty, co) = tcSplitIOType_maybe fn_res_ty
toCName :: Id -> String
toCName i = showSDoc (pprCode CStyle (ppr (idName i)))
\end{code}
%*
%
\subsection{Generating @foreign export@ stubs}
%
%*
For each @foreign export@ function, a C stub function is generated.
The C stub constructs the application of the exported Haskell function
using the hugs/ghc rts invocation API.
\begin{code}
mkFExportCBits :: FastString
-> Maybe Id
-> [Type]
-> Type
-> Bool
-> CCallConv
-> (SDoc,
SDoc,
String,
Int
)
mkFExportCBits c_nm maybe_target arg_htys res_hty is_IO_res_ty cc
= (header_bits, c_bits, type_string,
sum [ widthInBytes (typeWidth rep) | (_,_,_,rep) <- aug_arg_info]
)
where
arg_info :: [(SDoc,
SDoc,
Type,
CmmType)]
arg_info = [ let stg_type = showStgType ty in
(arg_cname n stg_type,
stg_type,
ty,
typeCmmType (getPrimTyOf ty))
| (ty,n) <- zip arg_htys [1::Int ..] ]
arg_cname n stg_ty
| libffi = char '*' <> parens (stg_ty <> char '*') <>
ptext (sLit "args") <> brackets (int (n1))
| otherwise = text ('a':show n)
libffi = cLibFFI && isNothing maybe_target
type_string
| libffi = primTyDescChar res_hty : arg_type_string
| otherwise = arg_type_string
arg_type_string = [primTyDescChar ty | (_,_,ty,_) <- arg_info]
aug_arg_info
| isNothing maybe_target = stable_ptr_arg : insertRetAddr cc arg_info
| otherwise = arg_info
stable_ptr_arg =
(text "the_stableptr", text "StgStablePtr", undefined,
typeCmmType (mkStablePtrPrimTy alphaTy))
res_hty_is_unit = res_hty `coreEqType` unitTy
cResType | res_hty_is_unit = text "void"
| otherwise = showStgType res_hty
ffi_cResType
| is_ffi_arg_type = text "ffi_arg"
| otherwise = cResType
where
res_ty_key = getUnique (getName (typeTyCon res_hty))
is_ffi_arg_type = res_ty_key `notElem`
[floatTyConKey, doubleTyConKey,
int64TyConKey, word64TyConKey]
pprCconv = case cc of
CCallConv -> empty
StdCallConv -> text (ccallConvAttribute cc)
_ -> panic ("mkFExportCBits/pprCconv " ++ showPpr cc)
header_bits = ptext (sLit "extern") <+> fun_proto <> semi
fun_args
| null aug_arg_info = text "void"
| otherwise = hsep $ punctuate comma
$ map (\(nm,ty,_,_) -> ty <+> nm) aug_arg_info
fun_proto
| libffi
= ptext (sLit "void") <+> ftext c_nm <>
parens (ptext (sLit "void *cif STG_UNUSED, void* resp, void** args, void* the_stableptr"))
| otherwise
= cResType <+> pprCconv <+> ftext c_nm <> parens fun_args
the_cfun
= case maybe_target of
Nothing -> text "(StgClosure*)deRefStablePtr(the_stableptr)"
Just hs_fn -> char '&' <> ppr hs_fn <> text "_closure"
cap = text "cap" <> comma
expr_to_run
= foldl appArg the_cfun arg_info
where
appArg acc (arg_cname, _, arg_hty, _)
= text "rts_apply"
<> parens (cap <> acc <> comma <> mkHObj arg_hty <> parens (cap <> arg_cname))
declareResult = text "HaskellObj ret;"
declareCResult | res_hty_is_unit = empty
| otherwise = cResType <+> text "cret;"
assignCResult | res_hty_is_unit = empty
| otherwise =
text "cret=" <> unpackHObj res_hty <> parens (text "ret") <> semi
extern_decl
= case maybe_target of
Nothing -> empty
Just hs_fn -> text "extern StgClosure " <> ppr hs_fn <> text "_closure" <> semi
c_bits =
space $$
extern_decl $$
fun_proto $$
vcat
[ lbrace
, ptext (sLit "Capability *cap;")
, declareResult
, declareCResult
, text "cap = rts_lock();"
, ptext (sLit "cap=rts_evalIO") <> parens (
cap <>
ptext (sLit "rts_apply") <> parens (
cap <>
text "(HaskellObj)"
<> ptext (if is_IO_res_ty
then (sLit "runIO_closure")
else (sLit "runNonIO_closure"))
<> comma
<> expr_to_run
) <+> comma
<> text "&ret"
) <> semi
, ptext (sLit "rts_checkSchedStatus") <> parens (doubleQuotes (ftext c_nm)
<> comma <> text "cap") <> semi
, assignCResult
, ptext (sLit "rts_unlock(cap);")
, if res_hty_is_unit then empty
else if libffi
then char '*' <> parens (ffi_cResType <> char '*') <>
ptext (sLit "resp = cret;")
else ptext (sLit "return cret;")
, rbrace
]
foreignExportInitialiser :: Id -> SDoc
foreignExportInitialiser hs_fn =
vcat
[ text "static void stginit_export_" <> ppr hs_fn
<> text "() __attribute__((constructor));"
, text "static void stginit_export_" <> ppr hs_fn <> text "()"
, braces (text "getStablePtr"
<> parens (text "(StgPtr) &" <> ppr hs_fn <> text "_closure")
<> semi)
]
mkHObj :: Type -> SDoc
mkHObj t = text "rts_mk" <> text (showFFIType t)
unpackHObj :: Type -> SDoc
unpackHObj t = text "rts_get" <> text (showFFIType t)
showStgType :: Type -> SDoc
showStgType t = text "Hs" <> text (showFFIType t)
showFFIType :: Type -> String
showFFIType t = getOccString (getName (typeTyCon t))
typeTyCon :: Type -> TyCon
typeTyCon ty = case tcSplitTyConApp_maybe (repType ty) of
Just (tc,_) -> tc
Nothing -> pprPanic "DsForeign.typeTyCon" (ppr ty)
insertRetAddr :: CCallConv -> [(SDoc, SDoc, Type, CmmType)]
-> [(SDoc, SDoc, Type, CmmType)]
#if !defined(x86_64_TARGET_ARCH)
insertRetAddr CCallConv args = ret_addr_arg : args
insertRetAddr _ args = args
#else
insertRetAddr CCallConv args = go 0 args
where go :: Int -> [(SDoc, SDoc, Type, CmmType)]
-> [(SDoc, SDoc, Type, CmmType)]
go 6 args = ret_addr_arg : args
go n (arg@(_,_,_,rep):args)
| cmmEqType_ignoring_ptrhood rep b64 = arg : go (n+1) args
| otherwise = arg : go n args
go _ [] = []
insertRetAddr _ args = args
#endif
ret_addr_arg :: (SDoc, SDoc, Type, CmmType)
ret_addr_arg = (text "original_return_addr", text "void*", undefined,
typeCmmType addrPrimTy)
getPrimTyOf :: Type -> Type
getPrimTyOf ty
| isBoolTy rep_ty = intPrimTy
| otherwise =
case splitProductType_maybe rep_ty of
Just (_, _, data_con, [prim_ty]) ->
ASSERT(dataConSourceArity data_con == 1)
ASSERT2(isUnLiftedType prim_ty, ppr prim_ty)
prim_ty
_other -> pprPanic "DsForeign.getPrimTyOf" (ppr ty)
where
rep_ty = repType ty
primTyDescChar :: Type -> Char
primTyDescChar ty
| ty `coreEqType` unitTy = 'v'
| otherwise
= case typePrimRep (getPrimTyOf ty) of
IntRep -> signed_word
WordRep -> unsigned_word
Int64Rep -> 'L'
Word64Rep -> 'l'
AddrRep -> 'p'
FloatRep -> 'f'
DoubleRep -> 'd'
_ -> pprPanic "primTyDescChar" (ppr ty)
where
(signed_word, unsigned_word)
| wORD_SIZE == 4 = ('W','w')
| wORD_SIZE == 8 = ('L','l')
| otherwise = panic "primTyDescChar"
\end{code}