Foreign/ForeignPtr/Imp.hs

    {-# LANGUAGE Unsafe #-}
    {-# LANGUAGE NoImplicitPrelude #-}
    {-# OPTIONS_HADDOCK hide #-}

    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    -- |
    -- Module      :  Foreign.ForeignPtr.Imp
    -- Copyright   :  (c) The University of Glasgow 2001
    -- License     :  BSD-style (see the file libraries/base/LICENSE)
    --
    -- Maintainer  :  ffi@haskell.org
    -- Stability   :  provisional
    -- Portability :  portable
    --
    -- The 'ForeignPtr' type and operations.  This module is part of the
    -- Foreign Function Interface (FFI) and will usually be imported via
    -- the "Foreign" module.
    --
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

    module Foreign.ForeignPtr.Imp
            (
            -- * Finalised data pointers
              ForeignPtr
            , FinalizerPtr
            , FinalizerEnvPtr

            -- ** Basic operations
            , newForeignPtr
            , newForeignPtr_
            , addForeignPtrFinalizer
            , newForeignPtrEnv
            , addForeignPtrFinalizerEnv
            , withForeignPtr
            , finalizeForeignPtr

            -- ** Low-level operations
            , unsafeForeignPtrToPtr
            , touchForeignPtr
            , castForeignPtr

            -- ** Allocating managed memory
            , mallocForeignPtr
            , mallocForeignPtrBytes
            , mallocForeignPtrArray
            , mallocForeignPtrArray0
            )
            where

    import Foreign.Ptr
    import Foreign.Storable ( Storable(sizeOf) )

    import GHC.Base
    import GHC.Num
    import GHC.ForeignPtr

    newForeignPtr :: FinalizerPtr a -> Ptr a -> IO (ForeignPtr a)
    -- ^Turns a plain memory reference into a foreign pointer, and
    -- associates a finalizer with the reference.  The finalizer will be
    -- executed after the last reference to the foreign object is dropped.
    -- There is no guarantee of promptness, however the finalizer will be
    -- executed before the program exits.
    newForeignPtr finalizer p
      = do fObj <- newForeignPtr_ p
           addForeignPtrFinalizer finalizer fObj
           return fObj

    withForeignPtr :: ForeignPtr a -> (Ptr a -> IO b) -> IO b
    -- ^This is a way to look at the pointer living inside a
    -- foreign object.  This function takes a function which is
    -- applied to that pointer. The resulting 'IO' action is then
    -- executed. The foreign object is kept alive at least during
    -- the whole action, even if it is not used directly
    -- inside. Note that it is not safe to return the pointer from
    -- the action and use it after the action completes. All uses
    -- of the pointer should be inside the
    -- 'withForeignPtr' bracket.  The reason for
    -- this unsafeness is the same as for
    -- 'unsafeForeignPtrToPtr' below: the finalizer
    -- may run earlier than expected, because the compiler can only
    -- track usage of the 'ForeignPtr' object, not
    -- a 'Ptr' object made from it.
    --
    -- This function is normally used for marshalling data to
    -- or from the object pointed to by the
    -- 'ForeignPtr', using the operations from the
    -- 'Storable' class.
    withForeignPtr fo io
      = do r <- io (unsafeForeignPtrToPtr fo)
           touchForeignPtr fo
           return r

    -- | This variant of 'newForeignPtr' adds a finalizer that expects an
    -- environment in addition to the finalized pointer.  The environment
    -- that will be passed to the finalizer is fixed by the second argument to
    -- 'newForeignPtrEnv'.
    newForeignPtrEnv ::
        FinalizerEnvPtr env a -> Ptr env -> Ptr a -> IO (ForeignPtr a)
    newForeignPtrEnv finalizer env p
      = do fObj <- newForeignPtr_ p
           addForeignPtrFinalizerEnv finalizer env fObj
           return fObj

    -- | This function is similar to 'Foreign.Marshal.Array.mallocArray',
    -- but yields a memory area that has a finalizer attached that releases
    -- the memory area.  As with 'mallocForeignPtr', it is not guaranteed that
    -- the block of memory was allocated by 'Foreign.Marshal.Alloc.malloc'.
    mallocForeignPtrArray :: Storable a => Int -> IO (ForeignPtr a)
    mallocForeignPtrArray  = doMalloc undefined
      where
        doMalloc            :: Storable b => b -> Int -> IO (ForeignPtr b)
        doMalloc dummy size  = mallocForeignPtrBytes (size * sizeOf dummy)

    -- | This function is similar to 'Foreign.Marshal.Array.mallocArray0',
    -- but yields a memory area that has a finalizer attached that releases
    -- the memory area.  As with 'mallocForeignPtr', it is not guaranteed that
    -- the block of memory was allocated by 'Foreign.Marshal.Alloc.malloc'.
    mallocForeignPtrArray0      :: Storable a => Int -> IO (ForeignPtr a)
    mallocForeignPtrArray0 size  = mallocForeignPtrArray (size + 1)