License	BSD-style (see the LICENSE file in the distribution)
Maintainer	libraries@haskell.org
Stability	experimental
Portability	not portable
Safe Haskell	Trustworthy
Language	Haskell2010

Data.Type.Equality

Contents

The equality types
Working with equality
Inferring equality from other types
Boolean type-level equality

Description

Definition of propositional equality (:~:). Pattern-matching on a variable of type (a :~: b) produces a proof that a ~ b.

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Synopsis

data a :~: b where
- Refl :: a :~: a
class a ~# b => (a :: k0) ~~ (b :: k1)
data a :~~: b where
- HRefl :: a :~~: a
sym :: (a :~: b) -> b :~: a
trans :: (a :~: b) -> (b :~: c) -> a :~: c
castWith :: (a :~: b) -> a -> b
gcastWith :: (a :~: b) -> (a ~ b => r) -> r
apply :: (f :~: g) -> (a :~: b) -> f a :~: g b
inner :: (f a :~: g b) -> a :~: b
outer :: (f a :~: g b) -> f :~: g
class TestEquality f where
- testEquality :: f a -> f b -> Maybe (a :~: b)
type family a == b where ...

The equality types

data a :~: b where infix 4 Source #

Propositional equality. If a :~: b is inhabited by some terminating value, then the type a is the same as the type b. To use this equality in practice, pattern-match on the a :~: b to get out the Refl constructor; in the body of the pattern-match, the compiler knows that a ~ b.

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Constructors

Refl :: a :~: a

Instances

Instances details

Category ((:~:) :: k -> k -> Type) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Control.Category Methods id :: forall (a :: k0). a :~: a Source # (.) :: forall (b :: k0) (c :: k0) (a :: k0). (b :~: c) -> (a :~: b) -> a :~: c Source #
TestCoercion ((:~:) a :: k -> Type) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Coercion Methods testCoercion :: forall (a0 :: k0) (b :: k0). (a :~: a0) -> (a :~: b) -> Maybe (Coercion a0 b) Source #
TestEquality ((:~:) a :: k -> Type) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods testEquality :: forall (a0 :: k0) (b :: k0). (a :~: a0) -> (a :~: b) -> Maybe (a0 :~: b) Source #
(a ~ b, Data a) => Data (a :~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> (a :~: b) -> c (a :~: b) Source # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (a :~: b) Source # toConstr :: (a :~: b) -> Constr Source # dataTypeOf :: (a :~: b) -> DataType Source # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (a :~: b)) Source # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (a :~: b)) Source # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> (a :~: b) -> a :~: b Source # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a :~: b) -> r Source # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a :~: b) -> r Source # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a :~: b) -> [u] Source # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a :~: b) -> u Source # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~: b) -> m (a :~: b) Source # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~: b) -> m (a :~: b) Source # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~: b) -> m (a :~: b) Source #
a ~ b => Bounded (a :~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods minBound :: a :~: b Source # maxBound :: a :~: b Source #
a ~ b => Enum (a :~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods succ :: (a :~: b) -> a :~: b Source # pred :: (a :~: b) -> a :~: b Source # toEnum :: Int -> a :~: b Source # fromEnum :: (a :~: b) -> Int Source # enumFrom :: (a :~: b) -> [a :~: b] Source # enumFromThen :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> [a :~: b] Source # enumFromTo :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> [a :~: b] Source # enumFromThenTo :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> [a :~: b] Source #
a ~ b => Read (a :~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a :~: b) Source # readList :: ReadS [a :~: b] Source # readPrec :: ReadPrec (a :~: b) Source # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [a :~: b] Source #
Show (a :~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods showsPrec :: Int -> (a :~: b) -> ShowS Source # show :: (a :~: b) -> String Source # showList :: [a :~: b] -> ShowS Source #
Eq (a :~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods (==) :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> Bool Source # (/=) :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> Bool Source #
Ord (a :~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods compare :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> Ordering Source # (<) :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> Bool Source # (<=) :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> Bool Source # (>) :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> Bool Source # (>=) :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> Bool Source # max :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> a :~: b Source # min :: (a :~: b) -> (a :~: b) -> a :~: b Source #

class a ~# b => (a :: k0) ~~ (b :: k1) infix 4 Source #

Lifted, heterogeneous equality. By lifted, we mean that it can be bogus (deferred type error). By heterogeneous, the two types a and b might have different kinds. Because ~~ can appear unexpectedly in error messages to users who do not care about the difference between heterogeneous equality ~~ and homogeneous equality ~, this is printed as ~ unless -fprint-equality-relations is set.

In 0.7.0, the fixity was set to infix 4 to match the fixity of :~~:.

data a :~~: b where infix 4 Source #

Kind heterogeneous propositional equality. Like :~:, a :~~: b is inhabited by a terminating value if and only if a is the same type as b.

Since: base-4.10.0.0

Constructors

HRefl :: a :~~: a

Instances

Instances details

Category ((:~~:) :: k -> k -> Type) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Control.Category Methods id :: forall (a :: k0). a :~~: a Source # (.) :: forall (b :: k0) (c :: k0) (a :: k0). (b :~~: c) -> (a :~~: b) -> a :~~: c Source #
TestCoercion ((:~~:) a :: k -> Type) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Coercion Methods testCoercion :: forall (a0 :: k0) (b :: k0). (a :~~: a0) -> (a :~~: b) -> Maybe (Coercion a0 b) Source #
TestEquality ((:~~:) a :: k -> Type) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods testEquality :: forall (a0 :: k0) (b :: k0). (a :~~: a0) -> (a :~~: b) -> Maybe (a0 :~: b) Source #
(Typeable i, Typeable j, Typeable a, Typeable b, a ~~ b) => Data (a :~~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b0. Data d => c (d -> b0) -> d -> c b0) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> (a :~~: b) -> c (a :~~: b) Source # gunfold :: (forall b0 r. Data b0 => c (b0 -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (a :~~: b) Source # toConstr :: (a :~~: b) -> Constr Source # dataTypeOf :: (a :~~: b) -> DataType Source # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (a :~~: b)) Source # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (a :~~: b)) Source # gmapT :: (forall b0. Data b0 => b0 -> b0) -> (a :~~: b) -> a :~~: b Source # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a :~~: b) -> r Source # gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> (a :~~: b) -> r Source # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a :~~: b) -> [u] Source # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> (a :~~: b) -> u Source # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~~: b) -> m (a :~~: b) Source # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~~: b) -> m (a :~~: b) Source # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> (a :~~: b) -> m (a :~~: b) Source #
a ~~ b => Bounded (a :~~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods minBound :: a :~~: b Source # maxBound :: a :~~: b Source #
a ~~ b => Enum (a :~~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods succ :: (a :~~: b) -> a :~~: b Source # pred :: (a :~~: b) -> a :~~: b Source # toEnum :: Int -> a :~~: b Source # fromEnum :: (a :~~: b) -> Int Source # enumFrom :: (a :~~: b) -> [a :~~: b] Source # enumFromThen :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> [a :~~: b] Source # enumFromTo :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> [a :~~: b] Source # enumFromThenTo :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> [a :~~: b] Source #
a ~~ b => Read (a :~~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a :~~: b) Source # readList :: ReadS [a :~~: b] Source # readPrec :: ReadPrec (a :~~: b) Source # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [a :~~: b] Source #
Show (a :~~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods showsPrec :: Int -> (a :~~: b) -> ShowS Source # show :: (a :~~: b) -> String Source # showList :: [a :~~: b] -> ShowS Source #
Eq (a :~~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods (==) :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> Bool Source # (/=) :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> Bool Source #
Ord (a :~~: b) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods compare :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> Ordering Source # (<) :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> Bool Source # (<=) :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> Bool Source # (>) :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> Bool Source # (>=) :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> Bool Source # max :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> a :~~: b Source # min :: (a :~~: b) -> (a :~~: b) -> a :~~: b Source #

Working with equality

sym :: (a :~: b) -> b :~: a Source #

Symmetry of equality

trans :: (a :~: b) -> (b :~: c) -> a :~: c Source #

Transitivity of equality

castWith :: (a :~: b) -> a -> b Source #

Type-safe cast, using propositional equality

gcastWith :: (a :~: b) -> (a ~ b => r) -> r Source #

Generalized form of type-safe cast using propositional equality

apply :: (f :~: g) -> (a :~: b) -> f a :~: g b Source #

Apply one equality to another, respectively

inner :: (f a :~: g b) -> a :~: b Source #

Extract equality of the arguments from an equality of applied types

outer :: (f a :~: g b) -> f :~: g Source #

Extract equality of type constructors from an equality of applied types

Inferring equality from other types

class TestEquality f where Source #

This class contains types where you can learn the equality of two types from information contained in terms. Typically, only singleton types should inhabit this class.

Methods

testEquality :: f a -> f b -> Maybe (a :~: b) Source #

Conditionally prove the equality of a and b.

Instances

Instances details

TestEquality (TypeRep :: k -> Type) Source #
Instance details Defined in Data.Typeable.Internal Methods testEquality :: forall (a :: k0) (b :: k0). TypeRep a -> TypeRep b -> Maybe (a :~: b) Source #
TestEquality ((:~:) a :: k -> Type) Source #	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods testEquality :: forall (a0 :: k0) (b :: k0). (a :~: a0) -> (a :~: b) -> Maybe (a0 :~: b) Source #
TestEquality ((:~~:) a :: k -> Type) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Type.Equality Methods testEquality :: forall (a0 :: k0) (b :: k0). (a :~~: a0) -> (a :~~: b) -> Maybe (a0 :~: b) Source #
TestEquality f => TestEquality (Compose f g :: k2 -> Type) Source #	The deduction (via generativity) that if `g x :~: g y` then `x :~: y`. Since: base-4.14.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods testEquality :: forall (a :: k) (b :: k). Compose f g a -> Compose f g b -> Maybe (a :~: b) Source #

Boolean type-level equality

type family a == b where ... infix 4 Source #

A type family to compute Boolean equality.

Equations

(f a) == (g b) = (f == g) && (a == b)
a == a = 'True
_ == _ = 'False