Copyright	(C) 2011-2015 Edward Kmett
License	BSD-style (see the file LICENSE)
Maintainer	libraries@haskell.org
Stability	provisional
Portability	portable
Safe Haskell	Trustworthy
Language	Haskell2010

Data.Semigroup

Contents

Semigroups
Re-exported monoids from Data.Monoid
Difference lists of a semigroup
ArgMin, ArgMax

Description

A type a is a Semigroup if it provides an associative function (<>) that lets you combine any two values of type a into one. Where being associative means that the following must always hold:

(a <> b) <> c == a <> (b <> c)

Examples

Expand

The Min Semigroup instance for Int is defined to always pick the smaller number: >>> Min 1 <> Min 2 <> Min 3 <> Min 4 :: Min Int Min {getMin = 1}

If we need to combine multiple values we can use the sconcat function to do so. We need to ensure however that we have at least one value to operate on, since otherwise our result would be undefined. It is for this reason that sconcat uses Data.List.NonEmpty.NonEmpty - a list that can never be empty:

>>> (1 :| [])
1 :| []               -- equivalent to [1] but guaranteed to be non-empty.

>>> (1 :| [2, 3, 4])
1 :| [2,3,4]          -- equivalent to [1,2,3,4] but guaranteed to be non-empty.

Equipped with this guaranteed to be non-empty data structure, we can combine values using sconcat and a Semigroup of our choosing. We can try the Min and Max instances of Int which pick the smallest, or largest number respectively:

>>> sconcat (1 :| [2, 3, 4]) :: Min Int
Min {getMin = 1}
>>> sconcat (1 :| [2, 3, 4]) :: Max Int
Max {getMax = 4}

String concatenation is another example of a Semigroup instance:

>>> "foo" <> "bar"
"foobar"

A Semigroup is a generalization of a Monoid. Yet unlike the Semigroup, the Monoid requires the presence of a neutral element (mempty) in addition to the associative operator. The requirement for a neutral element prevents many types from being a full Monoid, like Data.List.NonEmpty.NonEmpty.

Note that the use of (<>) in this module conflicts with an operator with the same name that is being exported by Data.Monoid. However, this package re-exports (most of) the contents of Data.Monoid, so to use semigroups and monoids in the same package just

import Data.Semigroup

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Synopsis

class Semigroup a where
- (<>) :: a -> a -> a
- sconcat :: NonEmpty a -> a
- stimes :: Integral b => b -> a -> a
stimesMonoid :: (Integral b, Monoid a) => b -> a -> a
stimesIdempotent :: Integral b => b -> a -> a
stimesIdempotentMonoid :: (Integral b, Monoid a) => b -> a -> a
mtimesDefault :: (Integral b, Monoid a) => b -> a -> a
newtype Min a = Min {
- getMin :: a
}
newtype Max a = Max {
- getMax :: a
}
newtype First a = First {
- getFirst :: a
}
newtype Last a = Last {
- getLast :: a
}
newtype WrappedMonoid m = WrapMonoid {
- unwrapMonoid :: m
}
newtype Dual a = Dual {
- getDual :: a
}
newtype Endo a = Endo {
- appEndo :: a -> a
}
newtype All = All {
- getAll :: Bool
}
newtype Any = Any {
- getAny :: Bool
}
newtype Sum a = Sum {
- getSum :: a
}
newtype Product a = Product {
- getProduct :: a
}
diff :: Semigroup m => m -> Endo m
cycle1 :: Semigroup m => m -> m
data Arg a b = Arg a b
type ArgMin a b = Min (Arg a b)
type ArgMax a b = Max (Arg a b)

Documentation

class Semigroup a where Source #

The class of semigroups (types with an associative binary operation).

Instances should satisfy the following:

Associativity: x <> (y <> z) = (x <> y) <> z

You can alternatively define sconcat instead of (<>), in which case the laws are:

Unit: sconcat (pure x) = x
Multiplication: sconcat (join xss) = sconcat (fmap sconcat xss)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Minimal complete definition

(<>) | sconcat

Methods

(<>) :: a -> a -> a infixr 6 Source #

An associative operation.

>>> [1,2,3] <> [4,5,6]
[1,2,3,4,5,6]

sconcat :: NonEmpty a -> a Source #

Reduce a non-empty list with <>

The default definition should be sufficient, but this can be overridden for efficiency.

>>> import Data.List.NonEmpty (NonEmpty (..))
>>> sconcat $ "Hello" :| [" ", "Haskell", "!"]
"Hello Haskell!"

stimes :: Integral b => b -> a -> a Source #

Repeat a value n times.

Given that this works on a Semigroup it is allowed to fail if you request 0 or fewer repetitions, and the default definition will do so.

By making this a member of the class, idempotent semigroups and monoids can upgrade this to execute in $\mathcal{O}(1)$ by picking stimes = stimesIdempotent or stimes = stimesIdempotentMonoid respectively.

>>> stimes 4 [1]
[1,1,1,1]

Instances

Instances details

Semigroup ByteArray Source #	Since: base-4.17.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Array.Byte Methods (<>) :: ByteArray -> ByteArray -> ByteArray Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty ByteArray -> ByteArray Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> ByteArray -> ByteArray Source #
Semigroup All Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods (<>) :: All -> All -> All Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty All -> All Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> All -> All Source #
Semigroup Any Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods (<>) :: Any -> Any -> Any Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty Any -> Any Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Any -> Any Source #
Semigroup Void Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: Void -> Void -> Void Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty Void -> Void Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Void -> Void Source #
Semigroup Event Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Event.Internal.Types Methods (<>) :: Event -> Event -> Event Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty Event -> Event Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Event -> Event Source #
Semigroup Lifetime Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Event.Internal.Types Methods (<>) :: Lifetime -> Lifetime -> Lifetime Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty Lifetime -> Lifetime Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Lifetime -> Lifetime Source #
Semigroup Ordering Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: Ordering -> Ordering -> Ordering Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty Ordering -> Ordering Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Ordering -> Ordering Source #
Semigroup () Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: () -> () -> () Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty () -> () Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> () -> () Source #
Bits a => Semigroup (And a) Source #	Since: base-4.16
Instance details Defined in Data.Bits Methods (<>) :: And a -> And a -> And a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (And a) -> And a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> And a -> And a Source #
FiniteBits a => Semigroup (Iff a) Source #	This constraint is arguably too strong. However, as some types (such as `Natural`) have undefined `complement`, this is the only safe choice. Since: base-4.16
Instance details Defined in Data.Bits Methods (<>) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Iff a) -> Iff a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Iff a -> Iff a Source #
Bits a => Semigroup (Ior a) Source #	Since: base-4.16
Instance details Defined in Data.Bits Methods (<>) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Ior a) -> Ior a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Ior a -> Ior a Source #
Bits a => Semigroup (Xor a) Source #	Since: base-4.16
Instance details Defined in Data.Bits Methods (<>) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Xor a) -> Xor a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Xor a -> Xor a Source #
Semigroup (Comparison a) Source #	`(<>)` on comparisons combines results with `(<>) @Ordering`. Without newtypes this equals `liftA2 (liftA2 (<>))`. (<>) :: Comparison a -> Comparison a -> Comparison a Comparison cmp <> Comparison cmp' = Comparison a a' -> cmp a a' <> cmp a a'
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods (<>) :: Comparison a -> Comparison a -> Comparison a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Comparison a) -> Comparison a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Comparison a -> Comparison a Source #
Semigroup (Equivalence a) Source #	`(<>)` on equivalences uses logical conjunction `(&&)` on the results. Without newtypes this equals `liftA2 (liftA2 (&&))`. (<>) :: Equivalence a -> Equivalence a -> Equivalence a Equivalence equiv <> Equivalence equiv' = Equivalence a b -> equiv a b && equiv' a b
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods (<>) :: Equivalence a -> Equivalence a -> Equivalence a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Equivalence a) -> Equivalence a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Equivalence a -> Equivalence a Source #
Semigroup (Predicate a) Source #	`(<>)` on predicates uses logical conjunction `(&&)` on the results. Without newtypes this equals `liftA2 (&&)`. (<>) :: Predicate a -> Predicate a -> Predicate a Predicate pred <> Predicate pred' = Predicate a -> pred a && pred' a
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods (<>) :: Predicate a -> Predicate a -> Predicate a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Predicate a) -> Predicate a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Predicate a -> Predicate a Source #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (Identity a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods (<>) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Identity a) -> Identity a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Identity a -> Identity a Source #
Semigroup (First a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Monoid Methods (<>) :: First a -> First a -> First a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (First a) -> First a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> First a -> First a Source #
Semigroup (Last a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Monoid Methods (<>) :: Last a -> Last a -> Last a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Last a) -> Last a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Last a -> Last a Source #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (Down a) Source #	Since: base-4.11.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Ord Methods (<>) :: Down a -> Down a -> Down a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Down a) -> Down a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Down a -> Down a Source #
Semigroup (First a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods (<>) :: First a -> First a -> First a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (First a) -> First a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> First a -> First a Source #
Semigroup (Last a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods (<>) :: Last a -> Last a -> Last a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Last a) -> Last a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Last a -> Last a Source #
Ord a => Semigroup (Max a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods (<>) :: Max a -> Max a -> Max a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Max a) -> Max a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Max a -> Max a Source #
Ord a => Semigroup (Min a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods (<>) :: Min a -> Min a -> Min a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Min a) -> Min a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Min a -> Min a Source #
Monoid m => Semigroup (WrappedMonoid m) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods (<>) :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (WrappedMonoid m) -> WrappedMonoid m Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m Source #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (Dual a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods (<>) :: Dual a -> Dual a -> Dual a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Dual a) -> Dual a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Dual a -> Dual a Source #
Semigroup (Endo a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods (<>) :: Endo a -> Endo a -> Endo a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Endo a) -> Endo a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Endo a -> Endo a Source #
Num a => Semigroup (Product a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods (<>) :: Product a -> Product a -> Product a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Product a) -> Product a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Product a -> Product a Source #
Num a => Semigroup (Sum a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods (<>) :: Sum a -> Sum a -> Sum a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Sum a) -> Sum a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Sum a -> Sum a Source #
Semigroup (NonEmpty a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (NonEmpty a) -> NonEmpty a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a Source #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (STM a) Source #	Since: base-4.17.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Conc.Sync Methods (<>) :: STM a -> STM a -> STM a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (STM a) -> STM a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> STM a -> STM a Source #
(Generic a, Semigroup (Rep a ())) => Semigroup (Generically a) Source #	Since: base-4.17.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (<>) :: Generically a -> Generically a -> Generically a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Generically a) -> Generically a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Generically a -> Generically a Source #
Semigroup p => Semigroup (Par1 p) Source #	Since: base-4.12.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (<>) :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Par1 p Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Par1 p) -> Par1 p Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Par1 p -> Par1 p Source #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (IO a) Source #	Since: base-4.10.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: IO a -> IO a -> IO a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (IO a) -> IO a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> IO a -> IO a Source #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (Maybe a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Maybe a) -> Maybe a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Maybe a -> Maybe a Source #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (Solo a) Source #	Since: base-4.15
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: Solo a -> Solo a -> Solo a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Solo a) -> Solo a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Solo a -> Solo a Source #
Semigroup [a] Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty [a] -> [a] Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> [a] -> [a] Source #
Semigroup (Either a b) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Either Methods (<>) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Either a b Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Either a b) -> Either a b Source # stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> Either a b -> Either a b Source #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (Op a b) Source #	`(<>) @(Op a b)` without newtypes is `(<>) @(b->a)` = `liftA2 (<>)`. This lifts the `Semigroup` operation `(<>)` over the output of `a`. (<>) :: Op a b -> Op a b -> Op a b Op f <> Op g = Op a -> f a <> g a
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods (<>) :: Op a b -> Op a b -> Op a b Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Op a b) -> Op a b Source # stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> Op a b -> Op a b Source #
Semigroup (Proxy s) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Proxy Methods (<>) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Proxy s) -> Proxy s Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Proxy s -> Proxy s Source #
Semigroup (U1 p) Source #	Since: base-4.12.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (<>) :: U1 p -> U1 p -> U1 p Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (U1 p) -> U1 p Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> U1 p -> U1 p Source #
Semigroup (V1 p) Source #	Since: base-4.12.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (<>) :: V1 p -> V1 p -> V1 p Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (V1 p) -> V1 p Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> V1 p -> V1 p Source #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (ST s a) Source #	Since: base-4.11.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.ST Methods (<>) :: ST s a -> ST s a -> ST s a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (ST s a) -> ST s a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> ST s a -> ST s a Source #
(Semigroup a, Semigroup b) => Semigroup (a, b) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> (a, b) Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (a, b) -> (a, b) Source # stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a, b) -> (a, b) Source #
Semigroup b => Semigroup (a -> b) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b) -> a -> b Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (a -> b) -> a -> b Source # stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a -> b) -> a -> b Source #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (Const a b) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Const Methods (<>) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Const a b) -> Const a b Source # stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> Const a b -> Const a b Source #
(Applicative f, Semigroup a) => Semigroup (Ap f a) Source #	Since: base-4.12.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Monoid Methods (<>) :: Ap f a -> Ap f a -> Ap f a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Ap f a) -> Ap f a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Ap f a -> Ap f a Source #
Alternative f => Semigroup (Alt f a) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods (<>) :: Alt f a -> Alt f a -> Alt f a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Alt f a) -> Alt f a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Alt f a -> Alt f a Source #
Semigroup (f p) => Semigroup (Rec1 f p) Source #	Since: base-4.12.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (<>) :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Rec1 f p) -> Rec1 f p Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p Source #
(Semigroup a, Semigroup b, Semigroup c) => Semigroup (a, b, c) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) Source # stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) Source #
(Semigroup (f a), Semigroup (g a)) => Semigroup (Product f g a) Source #	Since: base-4.16.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Product Methods (<>) :: Product f g a -> Product f g a -> Product f g a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Product f g a) -> Product f g a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Product f g a -> Product f g a Source #
(Semigroup (f p), Semigroup (g p)) => Semigroup ((f :*: g) p) Source #	Since: base-4.12.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (<>) :: (f :: g) p -> (f :: g) p -> (f :: g) p Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty ((f :: g) p) -> (f :: g) p Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> (f :: g) p -> (f :*: g) p Source #
Semigroup c => Semigroup (K1 i c p) Source #	Since: base-4.12.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (<>) :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> K1 i c p Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (K1 i c p) -> K1 i c p Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> K1 i c p -> K1 i c p Source #
(Semigroup a, Semigroup b, Semigroup c, Semigroup d) => Semigroup (a, b, c, d) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) Source # stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) Source #
Semigroup (f (g a)) => Semigroup (Compose f g a) Source #	Since: base-4.16.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods (<>) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g a Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Compose f g a) -> Compose f g a Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g a Source #
Semigroup (f (g p)) => Semigroup ((f :.: g) p) Source #	Since: base-4.12.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (<>) :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty ((f :.: g) p) -> (f :.: g) p Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p Source #
Semigroup (f p) => Semigroup (M1 i c f p) Source #	Since: base-4.12.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods (<>) :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (M1 i c f p) -> M1 i c f p Source # stimes :: Integral b => b -> M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p Source #
(Semigroup a, Semigroup b, Semigroup c, Semigroup d, Semigroup e) => Semigroup (a, b, c, d, e) Source #	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods (<>) :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) Source # sconcat :: NonEmpty (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) Source # stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) Source #

stimesMonoid :: (Integral b, Monoid a) => b -> a -> a Source #

This is a valid definition of stimes for a Monoid.

Unlike the default definition of stimes, it is defined for 0 and so it should be preferred where possible.

stimesIdempotent :: Integral b => b -> a -> a Source #

This is a valid definition of stimes for an idempotent Semigroup.

When x <> x = x, this definition should be preferred, because it works in $\mathcal{O}(1)$ rather than $\mathcal{O}(\log n)$.

stimesIdempotentMonoid :: (Integral b, Monoid a) => b -> a -> a Source #

This is a valid definition of stimes for an idempotent Monoid.

When mappend x x = x, this definition should be preferred, because it works in $\mathcal{O}(1)$ rather than $\mathcal{O}(\log n)$

mtimesDefault :: (Integral b, Monoid a) => b -> a -> a Source #

Repeat a value n times.

mtimesDefault n a = a <> a <> ... <> a  -- using <> (n-1) times

In many cases, `stimes 0 a` for a Monoid will produce mempty. However, there are situations when it cannot do so. In particular, the following situation is fairly common:

data T a = ...

class Constraint1 a
class Constraint1 a => Constraint2 a

instance Constraint1 a => Semigroup (T a) instance Constraint2 a => Monoid (T a) @

Since Constraint1 is insufficient to implement mempty, stimes for T a cannot do so.

When working with such a type, or when working polymorphically with Semigroup instances, mtimesDefault should be used when the multiplier might be zero. It is implemented using stimes when the multiplier is nonzero and mempty when it is zero.

Semigroups

newtype Min a Source #

Constructors

Min
Fields getMin :: a

Instances

Instances details

MonadFix Min Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

mfix :: (a -> Min a) -> Min a Source #

Foldable Min Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Min m -> m Source #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Min a -> m Source #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Min a -> m Source #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Min a -> b Source #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Min a -> b Source #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Min a -> b Source #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Min a -> b Source #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Min a -> a Source #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Min a -> a Source #

toList :: Min a -> [a] Source #

null :: Min a -> Bool Source #

length :: Min a -> Int Source #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Min a -> Bool Source #

maximum :: Ord a => Min a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => Min a -> a Source #

sum :: Num a => Min a -> a Source #

product :: Num a => Min a -> a Source #

Foldable1 Min Source #

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable1

Methods

fold1 :: Semigroup m => Min m -> m Source #

foldMap1 :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> Min a -> m Source #

foldMap1' :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> Min a -> m Source #

toNonEmpty :: Min a -> NonEmpty a Source #

maximum :: Ord a => Min a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => Min a -> a Source #

head :: Min a -> a Source #

last :: Min a -> a Source #

foldrMap1 :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b -> b) -> Min a -> b Source #

foldlMap1' :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a -> b) -> Min a -> b Source #

foldlMap1 :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a -> b) -> Min a -> b Source #

foldrMap1' :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b -> b) -> Min a -> b Source #

Traversable Min Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Min a -> f (Min b) Source #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Min (f a) -> f (Min a) Source #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Min a -> m (Min b) Source #

sequence :: Monad m => Min (m a) -> m (Min a) Source #

Applicative Min Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

pure :: a -> Min a Source #

(<*>) :: Min (a -> b) -> Min a -> Min b Source #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Min a -> Min b -> Min c Source #

(*>) :: Min a -> Min b -> Min b Source #

(<*) :: Min a -> Min b -> Min a Source #

Functor Min Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Min a -> Min b Source #

(<$) :: a -> Min b -> Min a Source #

Monad Min Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(>>=) :: Min a -> (a -> Min b) -> Min b Source #

(>>) :: Min a -> Min b -> Min b Source #

return :: a -> Min a Source #

Generic1 Min Source #

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Associated Types

type Rep1 Min	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup type Rep1 Min = D1 ('MetaData "Min" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Min" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getMin") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))

Methods

from1 :: Min a -> Rep1 Min a Source #

to1 :: Rep1 Min a -> Min a Source #

Data a => Data (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Min a -> c (Min a) Source #

gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Min a) Source #

toConstr :: Min a -> Constr Source #

dataTypeOf :: Min a -> DataType Source #

dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Min a)) Source #

dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Min a)) Source #

gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Min a -> Min a Source #

gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Min a -> r Source #

gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Min a -> r Source #

gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Min a -> [u] Source #

gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Min a -> u Source #

gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Min a -> m (Min a) Source #

gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Min a -> m (Min a) Source #

gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Min a -> m (Min a) Source #

(Ord a, Bounded a) => Monoid (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

mempty :: Min a Source #

mappend :: Min a -> Min a -> Min a Source #

mconcat :: [Min a] -> Min a Source #

Ord a => Semigroup (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(<>) :: Min a -> Min a -> Min a Source #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Min a) -> Min a Source #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Min a -> Min a Source #

Bounded a => Bounded (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

minBound :: Min a Source #

maxBound :: Min a Source #

Enum a => Enum (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

succ :: Min a -> Min a Source #

pred :: Min a -> Min a Source #

toEnum :: Int -> Min a Source #

fromEnum :: Min a -> Int Source #

enumFrom :: Min a -> [Min a] Source #

enumFromThen :: Min a -> Min a -> [Min a] Source #

enumFromTo :: Min a -> Min a -> [Min a] Source #

enumFromThenTo :: Min a -> Min a -> Min a -> [Min a] Source #

Generic (Min a) Source #

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Associated Types

type Rep (Min a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup type Rep (Min a) = D1 ('MetaData "Min" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Min" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getMin") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))

Methods

from :: Min a -> Rep (Min a) x Source #

to :: Rep (Min a) x -> Min a Source #

Num a => Num (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(+) :: Min a -> Min a -> Min a Source #

(-) :: Min a -> Min a -> Min a Source #

(*) :: Min a -> Min a -> Min a Source #

negate :: Min a -> Min a Source #

abs :: Min a -> Min a Source #

signum :: Min a -> Min a Source #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Min a Source #

Read a => Read (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (Min a) Source #

readList :: ReadS [Min a] Source #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (Min a) Source #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [Min a] Source #

Show a => Show (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Min a -> ShowS Source #

show :: Min a -> String Source #

showList :: [Min a] -> ShowS Source #

Eq a => Eq (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(==) :: Min a -> Min a -> Bool Source #

(/=) :: Min a -> Min a -> Bool Source #

Ord a => Ord (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

compare :: Min a -> Min a -> Ordering Source #

(<) :: Min a -> Min a -> Bool Source #

(<=) :: Min a -> Min a -> Bool Source #

(>) :: Min a -> Min a -> Bool Source #

(>=) :: Min a -> Min a -> Bool Source #

max :: Min a -> Min a -> Min a Source #

min :: Min a -> Min a -> Min a Source #

type Rep1 Min Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

type Rep1 Min = D1 ('MetaData "Min" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Min" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getMin") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))

type Rep (Min a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

type Rep (Min a) = D1 ('MetaData "Min" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Min" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getMin") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))

newtype Max a Source #

Constructors

Max
Fields getMax :: a

Instances

Instances details

MonadFix Max Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

mfix :: (a -> Max a) -> Max a Source #

Foldable Max Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Max m -> m Source #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Max a -> m Source #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Max a -> m Source #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Max a -> b Source #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Max a -> b Source #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Max a -> b Source #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Max a -> b Source #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Max a -> a Source #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Max a -> a Source #

toList :: Max a -> [a] Source #

null :: Max a -> Bool Source #

length :: Max a -> Int Source #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Max a -> Bool Source #

maximum :: Ord a => Max a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => Max a -> a Source #

sum :: Num a => Max a -> a Source #

product :: Num a => Max a -> a Source #

Foldable1 Max Source #

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable1

Methods

fold1 :: Semigroup m => Max m -> m Source #

foldMap1 :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> Max a -> m Source #

foldMap1' :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> Max a -> m Source #

toNonEmpty :: Max a -> NonEmpty a Source #

maximum :: Ord a => Max a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => Max a -> a Source #

head :: Max a -> a Source #

last :: Max a -> a Source #

foldrMap1 :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b -> b) -> Max a -> b Source #

foldlMap1' :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a -> b) -> Max a -> b Source #

foldlMap1 :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a -> b) -> Max a -> b Source #

foldrMap1' :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b -> b) -> Max a -> b Source #

Traversable Max Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Max a -> f (Max b) Source #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Max (f a) -> f (Max a) Source #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Max a -> m (Max b) Source #

sequence :: Monad m => Max (m a) -> m (Max a) Source #

Applicative Max Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

pure :: a -> Max a Source #

(<*>) :: Max (a -> b) -> Max a -> Max b Source #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Max a -> Max b -> Max c Source #

(*>) :: Max a -> Max b -> Max b Source #

(<*) :: Max a -> Max b -> Max a Source #

Functor Max Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Max a -> Max b Source #

(<$) :: a -> Max b -> Max a Source #

Monad Max Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(>>=) :: Max a -> (a -> Max b) -> Max b Source #

(>>) :: Max a -> Max b -> Max b Source #

return :: a -> Max a Source #

Generic1 Max Source #

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Associated Types

type Rep1 Max	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup type Rep1 Max = D1 ('MetaData "Max" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Max" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getMax") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))

Methods

from1 :: Max a -> Rep1 Max a Source #

to1 :: Rep1 Max a -> Max a Source #

Data a => Data (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Max a -> c (Max a) Source #

gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Max a) Source #

toConstr :: Max a -> Constr Source #

dataTypeOf :: Max a -> DataType Source #

dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Max a)) Source #

dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Max a)) Source #

gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Max a -> Max a Source #

gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Max a -> r Source #

gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Max a -> r Source #

gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Max a -> [u] Source #

gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Max a -> u Source #

gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Max a -> m (Max a) Source #

gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Max a -> m (Max a) Source #

gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Max a -> m (Max a) Source #

(Ord a, Bounded a) => Monoid (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

mempty :: Max a Source #

mappend :: Max a -> Max a -> Max a Source #

mconcat :: [Max a] -> Max a Source #

Ord a => Semigroup (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(<>) :: Max a -> Max a -> Max a Source #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Max a) -> Max a Source #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Max a -> Max a Source #

Bounded a => Bounded (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

minBound :: Max a Source #

maxBound :: Max a Source #

Enum a => Enum (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

succ :: Max a -> Max a Source #

pred :: Max a -> Max a Source #

toEnum :: Int -> Max a Source #

fromEnum :: Max a -> Int Source #

enumFrom :: Max a -> [Max a] Source #

enumFromThen :: Max a -> Max a -> [Max a] Source #

enumFromTo :: Max a -> Max a -> [Max a] Source #

enumFromThenTo :: Max a -> Max a -> Max a -> [Max a] Source #

Generic (Max a) Source #

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Associated Types

type Rep (Max a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup type Rep (Max a) = D1 ('MetaData "Max" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Max" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getMax") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))

Methods

from :: Max a -> Rep (Max a) x Source #

to :: Rep (Max a) x -> Max a Source #

Num a => Num (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(+) :: Max a -> Max a -> Max a Source #

(-) :: Max a -> Max a -> Max a Source #

(*) :: Max a -> Max a -> Max a Source #

negate :: Max a -> Max a Source #

abs :: Max a -> Max a Source #

signum :: Max a -> Max a Source #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Max a Source #

Read a => Read (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (Max a) Source #

readList :: ReadS [Max a] Source #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (Max a) Source #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [Max a] Source #

Show a => Show (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Max a -> ShowS Source #

show :: Max a -> String Source #

showList :: [Max a] -> ShowS Source #

Eq a => Eq (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(==) :: Max a -> Max a -> Bool Source #

(/=) :: Max a -> Max a -> Bool Source #

Ord a => Ord (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

compare :: Max a -> Max a -> Ordering Source #

(<) :: Max a -> Max a -> Bool Source #

(<=) :: Max a -> Max a -> Bool Source #

(>) :: Max a -> Max a -> Bool Source #

(>=) :: Max a -> Max a -> Bool Source #

max :: Max a -> Max a -> Max a Source #

min :: Max a -> Max a -> Max a Source #

type Rep1 Max Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

type Rep1 Max = D1 ('MetaData "Max" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Max" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getMax") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))

type Rep (Max a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

type Rep (Max a) = D1 ('MetaData "Max" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Max" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getMax") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))

newtype First a Source #

Beware that Data.Semigroup.First is different from Data.Monoid.First. The former simply returns the first value, so Data.Semigroup.First Nothing <> x = Data.Semigroup.First Nothing. The latter returns the first non-Nothing, thus Data.Monoid.First Nothing <> x = x.

Constructors

First
Fields getFirst :: a

Instances

Instances details

MonadFix First Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

mfix :: (a -> First a) -> First a Source #

Foldable First Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => First m -> m Source #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> First a -> m Source #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> First a -> m Source #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> First a -> b Source #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> First a -> b Source #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> First a -> b Source #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> First a -> b Source #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> First a -> a Source #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> First a -> a Source #

toList :: First a -> [a] Source #

null :: First a -> Bool Source #

length :: First a -> Int Source #

elem :: Eq a => a -> First a -> Bool Source #

maximum :: Ord a => First a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => First a -> a Source #

sum :: Num a => First a -> a Source #

product :: Num a => First a -> a Source #

Foldable1 First Source #

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable1

Methods

fold1 :: Semigroup m => First m -> m Source #

foldMap1 :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> First a -> m Source #

foldMap1' :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> First a -> m Source #

toNonEmpty :: First a -> NonEmpty a Source #

maximum :: Ord a => First a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => First a -> a Source #

head :: First a -> a Source #

last :: First a -> a Source #

foldrMap1 :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b -> b) -> First a -> b Source #

foldlMap1' :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a -> b) -> First a -> b Source #

foldlMap1 :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a -> b) -> First a -> b Source #

foldrMap1' :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b -> b) -> First a -> b Source #

Traversable First Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> First a -> f (First b) Source #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => First (f a) -> f (First a) Source #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> First a -> m (First b) Source #

sequence :: Monad m => First (m a) -> m (First a) Source #

Applicative First Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

pure :: a -> First a Source #

(<*>) :: First (a -> b) -> First a -> First b Source #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> First a -> First b -> First c Source #

(*>) :: First a -> First b -> First b Source #

(<*) :: First a -> First b -> First a Source #

Functor First Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> First a -> First b Source #

(<$) :: a -> First b -> First a Source #

Monad First Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(>>=) :: First a -> (a -> First b) -> First b Source #

(>>) :: First a -> First b -> First b Source #

return :: a -> First a Source #

Generic1 First Source #

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Associated Types

type Rep1 First	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup type Rep1 First = D1 ('MetaData "First" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "First" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getFirst") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))

Methods

from1 :: First a -> Rep1 First a Source #

to1 :: Rep1 First a -> First a Source #

Data a => Data (First a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> First a -> c (First a) Source #

gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (First a) Source #

toConstr :: First a -> Constr Source #

dataTypeOf :: First a -> DataType Source #

dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (First a)) Source #

dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (First a)) Source #

gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> First a -> First a Source #

gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> First a -> r Source #

gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> First a -> r Source #

gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> First a -> [u] Source #

gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> First a -> u Source #

gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) Source #

gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) Source #

gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> First a -> m (First a) Source #

Semigroup (First a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(<>) :: First a -> First a -> First a Source #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (First a) -> First a Source #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> First a -> First a Source #

Bounded a => Bounded (First a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

minBound :: First a Source #

maxBound :: First a Source #

Enum a => Enum (First a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

succ :: First a -> First a Source #

pred :: First a -> First a Source #

toEnum :: Int -> First a Source #

fromEnum :: First a -> Int Source #

enumFrom :: First a -> [First a] Source #

enumFromThen :: First a -> First a -> [First a] Source #

enumFromTo :: First a -> First a -> [First a] Source #

enumFromThenTo :: First a -> First a -> First a -> [First a] Source #

Generic (First a) Source #

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Associated Types

type Rep (First a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup type Rep (First a) = D1 ('MetaData "First" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "First" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getFirst") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))

Methods

from :: First a -> Rep (First a) x Source #

to :: Rep (First a) x -> First a Source #

Read a => Read (First a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (First a) Source #

readList :: ReadS [First a] Source #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (First a) Source #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [First a] Source #

Show a => Show (First a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> First a -> ShowS Source #

show :: First a -> String Source #

showList :: [First a] -> ShowS Source #

Eq a => Eq (First a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(==) :: First a -> First a -> Bool Source #

(/=) :: First a -> First a -> Bool Source #

Ord a => Ord (First a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

compare :: First a -> First a -> Ordering Source #

(<) :: First a -> First a -> Bool Source #

(<=) :: First a -> First a -> Bool Source #

(>) :: First a -> First a -> Bool Source #

(>=) :: First a -> First a -> Bool Source #

max :: First a -> First a -> First a Source #

min :: First a -> First a -> First a Source #

type Rep1 First Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

type Rep1 First = D1 ('MetaData "First" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "First" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getFirst") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))

type Rep (First a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

type Rep (First a) = D1 ('MetaData "First" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "First" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getFirst") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))

newtype Last a Source #

Beware that Data.Semigroup.Last is different from Data.Monoid.Last. The former simply returns the last value, so x <> Data.Semigroup.Last Nothing = Data.Semigroup.Last Nothing. The latter returns the last non-Nothing, thus x <> Data.Monoid.Last Nothing = x.

Constructors

Last
Fields getLast :: a

Instances

Instances details

MonadFix Last Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

mfix :: (a -> Last a) -> Last a Source #

Foldable Last Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Last m -> m Source #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Last a -> m Source #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Last a -> m Source #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b Source #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b Source #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b Source #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b Source #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Last a -> a Source #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Last a -> a Source #

toList :: Last a -> [a] Source #

null :: Last a -> Bool Source #

length :: Last a -> Int Source #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Last a -> Bool Source #

maximum :: Ord a => Last a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => Last a -> a Source #

sum :: Num a => Last a -> a Source #

product :: Num a => Last a -> a Source #

Foldable1 Last Source #

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable1

Methods

fold1 :: Semigroup m => Last m -> m Source #

foldMap1 :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> Last a -> m Source #

foldMap1' :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> Last a -> m Source #

toNonEmpty :: Last a -> NonEmpty a Source #

maximum :: Ord a => Last a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => Last a -> a Source #

head :: Last a -> a Source #

last :: Last a -> a Source #

foldrMap1 :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b -> b) -> Last a -> b Source #

foldlMap1' :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a -> b) -> Last a -> b Source #

foldlMap1 :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a -> b) -> Last a -> b Source #

foldrMap1' :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b -> b) -> Last a -> b Source #

Traversable Last Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Last a -> f (Last b) Source #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Last (f a) -> f (Last a) Source #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Last a -> m (Last b) Source #

sequence :: Monad m => Last (m a) -> m (Last a) Source #

Applicative Last Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

pure :: a -> Last a Source #

(<*>) :: Last (a -> b) -> Last a -> Last b Source #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Last a -> Last b -> Last c Source #

(*>) :: Last a -> Last b -> Last b Source #

(<*) :: Last a -> Last b -> Last a Source #

Functor Last Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Last a -> Last b Source #

(<$) :: a -> Last b -> Last a Source #

Monad Last Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(>>=) :: Last a -> (a -> Last b) -> Last b Source #

(>>) :: Last a -> Last b -> Last b Source #

return :: a -> Last a Source #

Generic1 Last Source #

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Associated Types

type Rep1 Last	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup type Rep1 Last = D1 ('MetaData "Last" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Last" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getLast") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))

Methods

from1 :: Last a -> Rep1 Last a Source #

to1 :: Rep1 Last a -> Last a Source #

Data a => Data (Last a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Last a -> c (Last a) Source #

gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Last a) Source #

toConstr :: Last a -> Constr Source #

dataTypeOf :: Last a -> DataType Source #

dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Last a)) Source #

dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Last a)) Source #

gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Last a -> Last a Source #

gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Last a -> r Source #

gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Last a -> r Source #

gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Last a -> [u] Source #

gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Last a -> u Source #

gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) Source #

gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) Source #

gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Last a -> m (Last a) Source #

Semigroup (Last a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(<>) :: Last a -> Last a -> Last a Source #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Last a) -> Last a Source #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Last a -> Last a Source #

Bounded a => Bounded (Last a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

minBound :: Last a Source #

maxBound :: Last a Source #

Enum a => Enum (Last a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

succ :: Last a -> Last a Source #

pred :: Last a -> Last a Source #

toEnum :: Int -> Last a Source #

fromEnum :: Last a -> Int Source #

enumFrom :: Last a -> [Last a] Source #

enumFromThen :: Last a -> Last a -> [Last a] Source #

enumFromTo :: Last a -> Last a -> [Last a] Source #

enumFromThenTo :: Last a -> Last a -> Last a -> [Last a] Source #

Generic (Last a) Source #

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Associated Types

type Rep (Last a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup type Rep (Last a) = D1 ('MetaData "Last" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Last" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getLast") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))

Methods

from :: Last a -> Rep (Last a) x Source #

to :: Rep (Last a) x -> Last a Source #

Read a => Read (Last a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (Last a) Source #

readList :: ReadS [Last a] Source #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (Last a) Source #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [Last a] Source #

Show a => Show (Last a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Last a -> ShowS Source #

show :: Last a -> String Source #

showList :: [Last a] -> ShowS Source #

Eq a => Eq (Last a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(==) :: Last a -> Last a -> Bool Source #

(/=) :: Last a -> Last a -> Bool Source #

Ord a => Ord (Last a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

compare :: Last a -> Last a -> Ordering Source #

(<) :: Last a -> Last a -> Bool Source #

(<=) :: Last a -> Last a -> Bool Source #

(>) :: Last a -> Last a -> Bool Source #

(>=) :: Last a -> Last a -> Bool Source #

max :: Last a -> Last a -> Last a Source #

min :: Last a -> Last a -> Last a Source #

type Rep1 Last Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

type Rep1 Last = D1 ('MetaData "Last" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Last" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getLast") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))

type Rep (Last a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

type Rep (Last a) = D1 ('MetaData "Last" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Last" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getLast") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))

newtype WrappedMonoid m Source #

Provide a Semigroup for an arbitrary Monoid.

NOTE: This is not needed anymore since Semigroup became a superclass of Monoid in base-4.11 and this newtype be deprecated at some point in the future.

Constructors

WrapMonoid
Fields unwrapMonoid :: m

Instances

Instances details

Generic1 WrappedMonoid Source #

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Associated Types

type Rep1 WrappedMonoid	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup type Rep1 WrappedMonoid = D1 ('MetaData "WrappedMonoid" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "WrapMonoid" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "unwrapMonoid") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))

Methods

from1 :: WrappedMonoid a -> Rep1 WrappedMonoid a Source #

to1 :: Rep1 WrappedMonoid a -> WrappedMonoid a Source #

Data m => Data (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> WrappedMonoid m -> c (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

toConstr :: WrappedMonoid m -> Constr Source #

dataTypeOf :: WrappedMonoid m -> DataType Source #

dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (WrappedMonoid m)) Source #

dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (WrappedMonoid m)) Source #

gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m Source #

gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> WrappedMonoid m -> r Source #

gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> WrappedMonoid m -> r Source #

gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> WrappedMonoid m -> [u] Source #

gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> WrappedMonoid m -> u Source #

gmapM :: Monad m0 => (forall d. Data d => d -> m0 d) -> WrappedMonoid m -> m0 (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

gmapMp :: MonadPlus m0 => (forall d. Data d => d -> m0 d) -> WrappedMonoid m -> m0 (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

gmapMo :: MonadPlus m0 => (forall d. Data d => d -> m0 d) -> WrappedMonoid m -> m0 (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Monoid m => Monoid (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

mempty :: WrappedMonoid m Source #

mappend :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m Source #

mconcat :: [WrappedMonoid m] -> WrappedMonoid m Source #

Monoid m => Semigroup (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(<>) :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m Source #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (WrappedMonoid m) -> WrappedMonoid m Source #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m Source #

Bounded m => Bounded (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

minBound :: WrappedMonoid m Source #

maxBound :: WrappedMonoid m Source #

Enum a => Enum (WrappedMonoid a) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

succ :: WrappedMonoid a -> WrappedMonoid a Source #

pred :: WrappedMonoid a -> WrappedMonoid a Source #

toEnum :: Int -> WrappedMonoid a Source #

fromEnum :: WrappedMonoid a -> Int Source #

enumFrom :: WrappedMonoid a -> [WrappedMonoid a] Source #

enumFromThen :: WrappedMonoid a -> WrappedMonoid a -> [WrappedMonoid a] Source #

enumFromTo :: WrappedMonoid a -> WrappedMonoid a -> [WrappedMonoid a] Source #

enumFromThenTo :: WrappedMonoid a -> WrappedMonoid a -> WrappedMonoid a -> [WrappedMonoid a] Source #

Generic (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Associated Types

type Rep (WrappedMonoid m)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup type Rep (WrappedMonoid m) = D1 ('MetaData "WrappedMonoid" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "WrapMonoid" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "unwrapMonoid") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 m)))

Methods

from :: WrappedMonoid m -> Rep (WrappedMonoid m) x Source #

to :: Rep (WrappedMonoid m) x -> WrappedMonoid m Source #

Read m => Read (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

readList :: ReadS [WrappedMonoid m] Source #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [WrappedMonoid m] Source #

Show m => Show (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> WrappedMonoid m -> ShowS Source #

show :: WrappedMonoid m -> String Source #

showList :: [WrappedMonoid m] -> ShowS Source #

Eq m => Eq (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

(==) :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> Bool Source #

(/=) :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> Bool Source #

Ord m => Ord (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

Methods

compare :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> Ordering Source #

(<) :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> Bool Source #

(<=) :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> Bool Source #

(>) :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> Bool Source #

(>=) :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> Bool Source #

max :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m Source #

min :: WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m -> WrappedMonoid m Source #

type Rep1 WrappedMonoid Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

type Rep1 WrappedMonoid = D1 ('MetaData "WrappedMonoid" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "WrapMonoid" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "unwrapMonoid") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))

type Rep (WrappedMonoid m) Source #

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Semigroup

type Rep (WrappedMonoid m) = D1 ('MetaData "WrappedMonoid" "Data.Semigroup" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "WrapMonoid" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "unwrapMonoid") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 m)))

Re-exported monoids from Data.Monoid

newtype Dual a Source #

The dual of a Monoid, obtained by swapping the arguments of mappend.

>>> getDual (mappend (Dual "Hello") (Dual "World"))
"WorldHello"

Constructors

Dual
Fields getDual :: a

Instances

Instances details

MonadFix Dual Source #

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Fix

Methods

mfix :: (a -> Dual a) -> Dual a Source #

MonadZip Dual Source #

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Zip

Methods

mzip :: Dual a -> Dual b -> Dual (a, b) Source #

mzipWith :: (a -> b -> c) -> Dual a -> Dual b -> Dual c Source #

munzip :: Dual (a, b) -> (Dual a, Dual b) Source #

Foldable Dual Source #

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Dual m -> m Source #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Dual a -> m Source #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Dual a -> m Source #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Dual a -> b Source #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Dual a -> b Source #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Dual a -> b Source #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Dual a -> b Source #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Dual a -> a Source #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Dual a -> a Source #

toList :: Dual a -> [a] Source #

null :: Dual a -> Bool Source #

length :: Dual a -> Int Source #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Dual a -> Bool Source #

maximum :: Ord a => Dual a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => Dual a -> a Source #

sum :: Num a => Dual a -> a Source #

product :: Num a => Dual a -> a Source #

Foldable1 Dual Source #

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable1

Methods

fold1 :: Semigroup m => Dual m -> m Source #

foldMap1 :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> Dual a -> m Source #

foldMap1' :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> Dual a -> m Source #

toNonEmpty :: Dual a -> NonEmpty a Source #

maximum :: Ord a => Dual a -> a Source #

minimum :: Ord a => Dual a -> a Source #

head :: Dual a -> a Source #

last :: Dual a -> a Source #

foldrMap1 :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b -> b) -> Dual a -> b Source #

foldlMap1' :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a -> b) -> Dual a -> b Source #

foldlMap1 :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a -> b) -> Dual a -> b Source #

foldrMap1' :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b -> b) -> Dual a -> b Source #

Traversable Dual Source #

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Dual a -> f (Dual b) Source #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Dual (f a) -> f (Dual a) Source #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Dual a -> m (Dual b) Source #

sequence :: Monad m => Dual (m a) -> m (Dual a) Source #

Applicative Dual Source #

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Arg
Fields a The argument used for comparisons in `Eq` and `Ord`. b The "value" exposed via the `Functor`, `Foldable` etc. instances.

Examples

Documentation

Instances

Semigroups

Instances

Instances

Instances

Instances

Instances

Re-exported monoids from Data.Monoid

Instances

Instances

Instances

Instances

Instances

Instances

Difference lists of a semigroup

Example:

ArgMin, ArgMax

Instances