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Data.Monoid | Portability | portable | Stability | experimental | Maintainer | libraries@haskell.org |
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Description |
The Monoid class with various general-purpose instances.
Inspired by the paper
Functional Programming with Overloading and
Higher-Order Polymorphism,
Mark P Jones (http://www.cse.ogi.edu/~mpj/)
Advanced School of Functional Programming, 1995.
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Synopsis |
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Monoid typeclass
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class Monoid a where |
The monoid class.
A minimal complete definition must supply mempty and mappend,
and these should satisfy the monoid laws.
| | Methods | mempty :: a | Identity of mappend
| | mappend :: a -> a -> a | An associative operation
| | mconcat :: [a] -> a | Fold a list using the monoid.
For most types, the default definition for mconcat will be
used, but the function is included in the class definition so
that an optimized version can be provided for specific types.
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| | Instances | Monoid All | Monoid Any | Monoid Ordering | Monoid () | (Monoid a, Monoid b) => Monoid (a, b) | (Monoid a, Monoid b, Monoid c) => Monoid (a, b, c) | (Monoid a, Monoid b, Monoid c, Monoid d) => Monoid (a, b, c, d) | (Monoid a, Monoid b, Monoid c, Monoid d, Monoid e) => Monoid (a, b, c, d, e) | Monoid b => Monoid (a -> b) | Monoid a => Monoid (Dual a) | Monoid (Endo a) | Monoid (First a) | Monoid (Last a) | Monoid a => Monoid (Maybe a) | Num a => Monoid (Product a) | Num a => Monoid (Sum a) | Monoid [a] |
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newtype Dual a |
The dual of a monoid, obtained by swapping the arguments of mappend.
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newtype Endo a |
The monoid of endomorphisms under composition.
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Bool wrappers
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newtype All |
Boolean monoid under conjunction.
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newtype Any |
Boolean monoid under disjunction.
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Num wrappers
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newtype Sum a |
Monoid under addition.
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newtype Product a |
Monoid under multiplication.
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Maybe wrappers
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To implement find or findLast on any Foldable:
findLast :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Maybe a
findLast pred = getLast . foldMap (x -> if pred x
then Last (Just x)
else Last Nothing)
Much of Data.Map's interface can be implemented with
alter. Some of the rest can be implemented with a new
alterA function and either First or Last:
alterA :: (Applicative f, Ord k) =>
(Maybe a -> f (Maybe a)) -> k -> Map k a -> f (Map k a)
instance Monoid a => Applicative ((,) a) -- from Control.Applicative
insertLookupWithKey :: Ord k => (k -> v -> v -> v) -> k -> v
-> Map k v -> (Maybe v, Map k v)
insertLookupWithKey combine key value =
Arrow.first getFirst . alterA doChange key
where
doChange Nothing = (First Nothing, Just value)
doChange (Just oldValue) =
(First (Just oldValue),
Just (combine key value oldValue))
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newtype First a |
Maybe monoid returning the leftmost non-Nothing value.
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newtype Last a |
Maybe monoid returning the rightmost non-Nothing value.
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Produced by Haddock version 0.8 |